Subscribe Now! National Geographic Magazine $15
Visit our Online Shops

Sign up for free

Newsletters

Once a month
get new photos
and expert tips.

Fish

What Is a Fish?

Fish are ancient water-dwelling creatures found all over the globe. They are the world's oldest vertebrates, with the first fish appearing some 500 million years ago. Today more than 24,000 species populate the waters of the world. Fish are vertebrates and breathe using gills, which draw oxygen from the water and into the bloodstream. Most have bony skeletons, though sharks and rays have skeletons made of cartilage. Nearly all reproduce by laying eggs.

Fish Features

Photo: A giant cuttlefish

Cuttlefish Camouflage Strategies

Researchers have captured cuttlefish employing color-changing and shape-shifting strategies to conceal themselves as coral or algae.

Photo: A school of blue-striped grunt fish and French grunt fish

Photo Gallery: Schools of Fish

Blue-striped grunt fish and French grunt fish school together near Bonaire Island in the Caribbean Sea.

Albatross vs. Tiger Shark

Young albatrosses learn that a hungry tiger shark is an excellent motivator when learning to fly.

Photo: An ornate butterflyfish swimming near a coral reef

Butterflyfish

Meet a brilliantly colored fish that's at home on the world's coral reefs. Learn how the butterflyfish's vivid colors can help it to survive.

Photo: A brilliant, fluorescent-orange spine-cheeked clownfish

Clown Anemonefish

Meet the real “Nemo," the colorful clown anemonefish. Find out how these fish can reproduce even though all their young are born male.

You need the Flash Player version 8.0.0.0 or higher and a JavaScript enabled browser to view this site

Special Advertising Sections

Photo: El Capitan and the Merced River

Contest Winner Announced!

8 finalists and 3600 votes later... Find who was voted the “Ultimate” photographer!

Photo: The Cloud Gate in Chicago

Download City Guides

Check out the local hotspots with downloadable city guides.

Fish Right Rail

Get the Latest Headlines

Photo: Grizzly bears

Make us your online news source.

Get Animal Pictures

Photo: Anemonefish

Get your daily dose of photos.

For Kids!

Photo: A cartoon dog

It's no stretch to find fun facts on our Kids site!

Six Degrees Book and DVD

Image: Six Degrees DVD and book

Get an eye-opening warning of the dangers of climate change, one degree at a time.