Learn how to identify trees—in one week

The maple (genus Acer) ranks as one of the most beloved trees in North America. The sap that flows through certain species of maple— like the sugar maple (Acer saccharum), red maple (Acer rubrum), and black maple (Acer nigrum)—is frequently tapped for syrup. 

Maple tree leaves turn brilliant bright red and orange in the fall. This color change helps maple trees prepare to go dormant for winter. During the spring and summer, leaves are green because they produce a pigment call chlorophyll, the pigment used in photosynthesis to turn the energy from sunlight into sugar for food. As temperatures drop and days shorten, chlorophyll production stops, revealing the underlying red pigments in the leaves.

Maples are common in the eastern or northeastern United States. And the trees don’t stop at the northern border: The maple is the national tree of Canada, its leaf depicted on the country’s flag and coat of arms.

Want to experience more wonder? National Geographic’s Wonder List features playful prompts and activities that turn everyday moments into wonder-filled discoveries—for families, anywhere, every day.