PHOTOGRAPH BY JOEL SARTORE, NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC PHOTO ARK

These cicada killers are terrifying

In today’s newsletter, smart cockatoos; abused chinchillas; SpongeBob’s ancient ancestor; surviving the Kalahari; swimming with rays.

Last updated July 29, 2021
10 min read

This article is an adaptation of our weekly Animals newsletter that was originally sent out on July 29, 2021. Want this in your inbox? Sign up here.

By Rachael Bale, ANIMALS Executive Editor

“Anyone Recognize This Messenger of Death and Nightmares?” read the top post on my Nextdoor feed the other day. It came with a photo of a Very Large Wasp and the comment, “It stared into my soul and tried to kill me...I think.”

Of course, I clicked. What if those messengers of nightmares came to my house too? I stepped on a wasp once as a kid, and my dad had to carry me home. I didn’t want a repeat.

After some speculation in the comments, an entomology-wise neighbor wrote, “Cicada killer?” Yes, yes, others chimed in. It’s a cicada killer.

Thank the stars, the cicada killer wasp (pictured above) is one of those animals with a name and appearance that’s far scarier than it actually is. They’re big (up to two inches!), but they’re solitary, not aggressive, and pretty much only sting humans if you pick one up and start messing with it, Nat Geo’s Douglas Main tells me. That’s a relief, because not long after I learned this, I found one in my backyard.

Cicada killers really only care about cicadas, which they paralyze, bring to their underground burrows, and devour. Though they don’t eat periodical cicadas like those in Brood X that emerged en masse earlier this summer, they do come out each summer to dine on your standard annual cicadas.

Normally the wasps don’t cause much of a fuss, but recently, some entomologists have received worried reports from people who think they’ve spotted murder hornets—AKA Asian giant hornets—when they’re instead seeing cicada killers.

“You have to realize that these invasive ‘murder hornets’ only are found so far in the far northwest corner of Washington State,” Main says. “This mix-up doesn’t reveal a lack of intelligence—a close friend of mine who has two advanced degrees in virology swore he’d seen them in Connecticut, of all places. But it can be a wake-up call to learn more about the insects around you, which often have fascinating biological habitats and generally pose almost no threat to humans, like cicada killers.”

Don’t worry, we have you covered. Here’s all you need to know about cicada killers and how they’re so different from Asian giant hornets.

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TODAY IN A MINUTE

PHOTOGRAPH BY LUCIANO CANDISANI, MINDEN PICTURES

Headed to court: Moulton Chinchilla Ranch in Minnesota appears to be the only company in the nation breeding and selling the rodents, like the one pictured above, for medical research. Over several years, USDA inspectors found with weeping wounds, eyes crusted shut, and a range of injuries, including the partial loss of a limb, Now it’s trying to revoke owner Daniel Moulton’s license. "We inspect every animal in the morning and at night and look at them during the day when we’re there,” Moulton tells National Geographic. This story was funded by Wildlife Watch, an investigative journalism project between National Geographic Society and National Geographic Partners. Read more Wildlife Watch stories here.

Look and learn: Wild cockatoos in Australia have provided another example of social learning by animals. The noisy, sulfur-crested cockatoo, seeking a meal, learned how to open garbage bins in Sydney, and the knowledge spread, Nat Geo’s Christine Dell’Amore writes. The discovery means the parrots have “have joined the club of animals that show culture,” Nat Geo Explorer and behavioral ecologist Barbara Klump tells us.

Stopping Japan’s ivory trade: Two political legends, Hillary Clinton and James A. Baker, have joined forces to urge Japan to stop encouraging the slaughter of elephants for ivory. Clinton and Baker note that the United States, China, and Britain are among other nations that have banned the elephant ivory trade—and say the Summer Olympics host now should join them. “Market demand for ivory products is the main driver for elephant poaching,” Clinton and Baker write in the Washington Post. Here’s a Nat Geo investigation from 2015 that used GPS tracking to trace the trade.

How sharks help the ocean: Some of the fiercest predators in the waters, sharks have a large effect on their ecosystems. By stabilizing those environments, they could help slow climate change and reduce the effects of hurricanes and heat waves, Nat Geo reports.

INSTAGRAM PHOTO OF THE DAY

PHOTOGRAPH BY CRISTINA MITTERMEIER, @MITTY

Watching eagle rays: Snorkeling in the Bahamas, photographer and Nat Geo Explorer Cristina Mittermeier was drifting in the current. “A dark mass suddenly materialized through the layer of visibility and headed swiftly toward me. I cannot describe the jolt of excitement I felt!” Mittermeier tells us. “A group of eagle rays arrived in perfect formation on silent wings. As I gazed down at them, I felt as if I were gripped in a dream and for a moment I understood why a group of eagle rays is sometimes called a fever. … This afternoon alone with the fever will forever be remembered as one of my most incredible wildlife encounters.” Last year, Nat Geo reported on the surprising growth in population of young manta rays off populated Florida coasts.

READ ON 

THE BIG TAKEAWAY

ILLUSTRATION BY FERNANDO G. BAPTISTA, ANIMATION BY MATTHEW TWOMBLY

Survivors: The sandy soils of the parched Kalahari have little water or nutrients for the animals in that area of southern Africa. They’re forced to get creative to survive. The brown hyena (pictured above), for example, uses its bone-crushing jaws to chew on moist tsama melons—up to 18 a night—to get enough water. Read how other animals adapt to the demands on their bodies.

SUBSCRIBER EXCLUSIVE 

IN A FEW WORDS

The message from this drought year was clear: If the rains fail, even for a single summer, the fabric that keeps grasses, ants, termites, and insect-eating animals woven together for survival may start to unravel.

Leonie Joubert, South African writer, From: Rising heat puts the Kalahari’s ecosystem on the edge of survival

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THE LAST GLIMPSE

PHOTOGRAPH BY RASMUS LOETH PETERSEN, ALAMY

This may be the earliest animal found yet: A set of curious fossils may be ancient sponges—relatives of the great bathing sponge shown here—which would make them the oldest fossilized animals ever found. A study suggests the fossils, found in the “Little Dal” limestones in northwest Canada, may be 890 million years old, Nat Geo reports.

READ MORE 

This newsletter was curated and edited by David Beard and Monica Williams, and Jen Tse selected the images. Do you have an idea or a link for the newsletter? Let us know at david.beard@natgeo.com, and happy trails ahead.