Butterflies fly during the day, and moths come out at night. At least, that’s what conventional wisdom says. But is this a good way to tell the difference between butterflies and moths?

Not really, says Akito Kawahara, an entomologist and curator of Lepidoptera—the order of insects that includes butterflies and moths—at the Florida Museum of Natural History.

In fact, there are tons of moths that fly during the day, says Kawahara, as well as butterflies that come out at night. Take the family Hedylidae: These Neotropical insects seem to tick off all the moth boxes—their wings are covered in mottled browns, their antennae lack tiny clubs at the end, they’re nocturnal, and they have even evolved a hearing organ that