the the current proposed site for Pebble Mine's industrial port complex, Amakdedori beach

The risky plan to haul minerals from a mine in the Alaska wilderness

A proposed gold and copper mine in Alaska would require a massive transportation corridor that puts a pristine wilderness at risk.

Just north of Amakdedori Beach, cliffs tower over Kamishak Bay, notorious for bad weather and shallow reefs. The beach is the proposed site for Pebble Mine's industrial port, where concentrated minerals would be loaded onto barges and dumped into a ship anchored in the bay.

Photograph by Acacia Johnson, National Geographic
Editor’s Note: On July 24, 2020, the Trump administration issued a final statement saying the Pebble Mine “would not be expected to have a measurable effect on fish numbers” in the Bristol Bay area. The Army Corps of Engineers’ environmental impact statement is a key step in getting approval to move forward with the mine construction.

Amakdedori Beach, on the wild western coast of Alaska’s Cook Inlet, is regularly whipped by strong winds, waves, and extreme tides. These forces have amassed an impressive pile of driftwood along the beach, as tall as a cabin in some spots.

But on an August afternoon the weather is sunny and calm enough for Kirk Johnson, an accomplished bush pilot and recently retired dentist, to land his Piper PA-12 on a stretch of tundra a couple miles from the shore. His daughter, photographer Acacia Johnson, and I exit and secure the plane to an alder stand to prevent the wind from taking hold of it.

Few people have been to remote Amakdedori; its main denizens are bears and wolves, and we

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