Gravitational Waves 101

What are gravitational waves and how are they detected? Learn more about these ripples in spacetime.

Gravitational waves are distortions in the fabric of space and time caused by the movement of massive objects, like sound waves in air or the ripples made on a pond's surface when someone throws a rock in the water. But unlike sound waves pond ripples, which spread out through a medium like watter, gravitational waves are vibrations in spacetime itself, which means they move just fine through the vacuum of space. And unlike the gentle drop of a stone in a pond, the events that trigger gravitational waves are among the most powerful in the universe.

We can hear gravitational waves, in the same sense that sound waves travel through water, or seismic waves move through the earth. The difference is

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